Weather

The November and December Miami weather is easy to like, with warm days and nights. The days are not usually oppressive, especially as you enter late November and into all of December. It’s still possible to visit the beach during most of this time, although exceptionally cool days are also possible. Hurricane season ends officially at the end of November, so it is still possible for you to encounter really rough storms. But it’s more likely that you will be very happy to be in Miami in November and December. Bring your golf clubs, long and short pants, and a bathing suit, and enjoy!

November Miami Weather

The highest recorded temperature for Miami Florida for the past 68 years in November was 91 degrees Fahrenheit, most recently encountered on November 6, 2002, and the normal high is 81. The lowest reported temperature in November for Miami for the past 68 years was 39 on November 26, 1950, and the standard low recorded daily temperature is 68.

US National Weather Service weather data records that on November 29, 1959, the high temperature did not exceed 58 degrees Fahrenheit, the lowest high measured in Miami in the past 68 years. Weather Service records also indicate that on November 11, 1980, the low temperature for the day was not measured below 79 degrees, the highest low measured in Miami in the last 68 years.

National Weather Service data shows that the high temperature in Miami on November First averages 83 degrees Fahrenheit and the high on the final day of November averages 78 degrees. The low measured temperature in Miami on November First averages 70 degrees and the low on the last day of the month averages 63 degrees.

Miami typically receives an average of 3.43 inches of precipitation during the month. On November 18, 1992 Miami received 7.56 inches of precipitation, the most rain recorded in a single day in November.

December Miami Weather

In the last 68 years the highest measured December temperature in Miami was 87 degrees Fahrenheit, most recently encountered on December 18, 1989, while the typical high temperature is 78. The record low December temperature in Miami for the last 68 years was 30 registered on December 25, 1989, while the normal low measured temperature is 62.

US National Weather Service historical weather data records that on December 24, 1989, the high temperature did not exceed 45 degrees Fahrenheit, the lowest high measured in Miami in the past 68 years. Weather Service data also shows that on December 16, 2007, the lowest recorded temperature for the day did not drop below 77 degrees, the highest low measured temperature in Miami in the last 68 years.

National Weather Service records indicate that the high temperature in Miami on December First averages 78 degrees and the high on the last day of the month averages 77 degrees. The low temperature in Miami in December on the first day of the month averages 63 degrees and the low temperature on the last day of the month averages 63 degrees.

Miami typically receives an average of 2.18 inches of precipitation during the month. The most rain measured in a single day in December was 5.06 inches on December 10, 2000. Snow simply does not fall in Miami, at any time, so leave your sled at home.

The rest is here: November and December Miami Weather

Introduction

Declining indigenous supply combined with post-recessionary demand recovery mean that Europe’s gas market has reached an important tipping point. Central to this is a need to diversify existing supply sources. South Eastern Europe is emerging as an important new transit route for Central Asian and North African gas, as well as a major demand hub in its own right.

Scope

*Insight on likely future supply dynamics in the European gas market set against a backdrop of demand recovery and diversifying supply sources.

*Analysis of new import infrastructure projects and their likely impact on regional supply dynamics.

*A benchmarking of the state of readiness in different markets for impending changes to supply/demand patterns.

*An overview of which markets are likely to increase their dominance and relative importance in the European gas sphere.

Highlights

European gas consumption is reaching maximum production capacity. It’s 8% buffer of supply over demand is not sufficient to ensure continued security of supply, particularly given that demand will rise as post-recessionary economic growth gains ground.

South East Europe is one of the largest sources of untapped natural gas in Europe. However, infrastructure is often insufficient to exploit this.
Fortunately, many of these countries have shown strong economic growth in the last 10 years and, in many cases, have recognized that weak infrastructure is the primary factor limiting further growth.

Western Europe cannot rely on Russia for its natural gas if it intends to weather future price spikes or gas shortages. Gazprom is currently facing the challenges of Qatari LNG arriving in Europe and US shale gas collapsing the price of gas. It will face further problems when Russian production fails to meet demand growth.

Reasons to Purchase

*Understand the growing role of South East Europe as both a gas supply route and as a new investment zone.

*Analyse the impact of the range of planned, possible and confirmed pipeline projects in the region.

*Formulate a strategic response to changing gas supply routes and understand the new demand led dynamics this will create.

Table of Contents :

VIEW 1
CATALYST 1
SUMMARY 1
CONTENTS 2
Segmentation of the natural gas market 2
Status quo 2
Natural gas demand: Mediterranean responsible for Europe’s demand growth 2
Natural gas supply: Italy, Spain and Turkey are optimal import routes 2
Current changes 2
Change drivers/barriers: fear of Russian dependence 2
Planned changes: planned pipelines would span all demand hot zones 2
Industry outlook 2
Natural gas demand/supply hot zones 2
Supply/demand forecasts to 2020 for key countries 2
Changes to product and pricing: LNG more important if pipelines fail 2
This report divides Europe along logistics boundaries rather than by geopolitical positioning 2
Europe will be split by natural gas access routes: Europe will be split by natural gas access routes: 2
ANALYSIS 3
European demand profile: recession had little impact on overall demand growth 3
Western Europe: demand has stagnated completely during the recession 4
South Eastern Europe: growth has been continuous and rapid 5
Western Europe needs Russia 6
Demand trends in Europe: growth localized to the Mediterranean and Caspian Seas 7
European supply profile: supply simply will not suffice if demand rises 8
Russia is by far the largest of the few Western producers and only Norway shows any sign of growing 9
Four countries have emerged as the largest producers in a region where production has picked up since 2004 10
Supply trends in Europe: growth localized to the Mediterranean and Caspian Seas 11
Climate targets drive a move away from coal and oil: natural gas and renewables are primary alternatives 12
Can South East Europe develop its own energy market? How will this interact with Western needs? 12
Political involvement is rising because increased competition for gas may lead to national shortages 13
Energy shortages may be good indicators of natural gas growth hotspots 13
South East Europe faces large energy shortages due to weak infrastructure, especially as demand is likely to increase in time 14
Western Europe is struggling to meet its large gas demand without Russia’s help 15
South East Europe will see the fastest response to gas shortages, as infrastructure projects are expected online in 2010-12 16
Infrastructure developments are the key indicators of Europe’s future gas market 17
Pipelines are likely to swarm into Italy and Turkey, opening up the entire Mediterranean to natural gas 17
Major cross-border pipelines into Europe 18
South East Europe has sprawling infrastructure developments and Italy is likely to be a major hub 19
LNG is the future of natural gas transmission but, although pipelines have an essential role, they are experiencing delays 20
The importance of natural gas in national power generation: North Africa, Italy and Spain are key users of gas-fired power 22
Industry is often a driving force for natural gas demand: Egypt, Turkey, Iran and Slovakia are booming 23
Infrastructure is the main hindrance to a mature gas market, but Mediterranean Europe is keen to avoid this 24
Demand hot zones: key players in the future of natural gas demand – Iran emerging as a production giant 25
Supply hot zones: the UK is losing territory as a major gas consumer 26
Which countries will be the key players in Europe’s natural gas market to 2020? 27
Iran is unlikely to become a net exporter in the foreseeable future as its demand exceeds supply 28
Turkey is a key player, driven by its growing industry, its important location and its improving infrastructure 29
Turkey 29
Italy will play a key role in Europe, as shrinking supply means that imports will have to increase to meet demand 30
Italy 30
Egypt has excellent demand growth but, most importantly, it has steeper supply growth to feed Europe 31
Algeria shows very positive supply potential, although its domestic demand is less encouraging than Egypt’s 32
Libya emerged in the gas market in 2004 thanks to major gas finds, but even without further finds, Libya is key to Europe’s supply 33
France is at the heart of European gas demand, and the end of the recession should encourage renewed demand growth 34
Germany is not expected to rely too heavily on gas imports, with renewables taking a share of the burden 35
The Netherlands will play a smaller role in the gas market as production shrinks and demand remains stagnant 36
UK demand is growing relatively slowly, while supply is plummeting, creating an urgent need to find more imports 37
Russia’s profile is flat: supply should be enough to feed continuing demand growth, with large volumes left for export 38
Russia 38
Will any other factors affect the European natural gas market? Perhaps product and price will affect dynamics 39
APPENDIX 40
Forecast Data 40
Ask the analyst 41
consulting 41
Disclaimer 41
List of Figures
Figure 1: Total European natural gas consumption since 1990 3
Figure 2: Total Western natural gas consumption since 1990 4
Figure 3: Total South Eastern natural gas consumption since 1990 5
Figure 4: Total Western natural gas consumption Vs Total Western natural gas production without Russia 6
Figure 5: Map of European natural gas demand trends 7
Figure 6: Total European natural gas production since 1990 8
Figure 7: Total Western natural gas production since 1990 9
Figure 8: Total South Eastern natural gas production since 1990 10
Figure 9: Map of European natural gas supply trends 11
Figure 10: Causes of natural gas shortages in 2008/9: South East 14
Figure 11: Causes of natural gas shortages in 2008/9: West 15
Figure 12: Chart to show how prepared countries are to respond to their natural gas shortages 16
Figure 13: Map of major pipelines into Europe 17
Figure 14: List of the most important pipelines feeding European natural gas markets 18
Figure 15: Map of planned natural gas storage sites 19
Figure 16: Map of all LNG terminals in Europe 20
Figure 17: Ranking of how prepared Europe is for natural gas growth 21
Figure 18: Share of natural gas in power generation – scored ranking 22
Figure 19: Scale of Industrial natural gas consumption – scored ranking 23
Figure 20: Scale of natural gas infrastructure – scored ranking 24
Figure 21: Key European gas demand markets forecast to 2020 25
Figure 22: Key European gas supply markets forecast to 2020 26
Figure 23: r forecast of Iran’s natural gas market to 2020 28
Figure 24: forecast of Turkey’s natural gas market to 2020 29
Figure 25: forecast of Italy’s natural gas market to 2020 30
Figure 26: forecast of Egypt’s natural gas market to 2020 31
Figure 27: forecast of Algeria’s natural gas market to 2020 32
Figure 28: forecast of Lybia’s natural gas market to 2020 33
Figure 29: forecast of France’s natural gas market to 2020 34
Figure 30: forecast of Germany’s natural gas market to 2020 35
Figure 31: forecast of Netherland’s natural gas market to 2020 36
Figure 32: forecast of UK’s natural gas market to 2020 37
Figure 33: forecast of Russia’s natural gas market to 2020 38
Figure 34: Forecast supply and demand data 40

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The weather resources on the Internet are many and varied. They range from highly sophisticated dedicated sites to national newsfeeds that produce fairly comprehensive weather reports, to regional news organizations that feature weather as part of their online news service. These can be from TV and radio stations or local newspapers. In addition, the major search engines have a weather feature that allows you to consult for forecasts in your local area.

In all cases, however, their weather information is gathered principally from national sources – in almost all cases, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, or NOAA. We’re going to review here the principal dedicated weather sites online, and give a quick critique to what the search engines and national news sites provide.

Perhaps the best known dedicated commercial weather site is www.weather.com, a spin-off of the cable television network The Weather Channel. This website allows you to punch in your zip code for local weather, or a city/town name for some other location. The site will give you temperature readings, wind chill and precipitation forecasts. It will provide forecasts on an hour-by-hour basis, for the weekend, and will peer into the future with a ten-day forecast on one page. Graphics include satellite photos and Doppler radar representations of storm movements.

Much of this information is gathered from the NOAA’s National Weather Service website. Here you will find “official” U.S. weather, marine, fire and aviation forecasts, warnings, climate forecasts and information about meteorology at www.nws.noaa.gov/. The NOAA has a massive network of weather stations nationwide, providing readouts for highly localized areas. It’s also user friendly, with a wealth of visual information provided by satellites and other graphics tools. There is a vast amount of marine weather data available here as well.

The Weather Underground (www.wunderground.com) is a spin-off of the University of Michigan’s weather website. Weather Underground is a commercial site peppered with advertising that presents its forecasts based on zip code, city, or on a clickable U.S. map. It also has international forecasts – click by country – and a comprehensive list of maps on its home page that show national trends for such factors as temperature, wind, visibility, precipitation, snow depth, etc. Register with them and send ten dollars and they’ll email you your daily forecast.

The University of Michigan at Ann Arbor’s weather lab: http://cirrus.sprl.umich.edu/wxnet/ is among the pioneers of online weather products. Currently, they maintain a quality national weather forecast site – but perhaps their most valuable resource for weather addicts is their list of 300 links to weather related sites.

Intellicast (www.intellicast.com) is an advertiser supported national site that will also email you your daily forecast. Their site offers a clickable map and the usual categories of satellite and long range forecasts. Www.weather.org is another of the lesser national websites that is exclusively for weather. Their site has an interesting map of worldwide conditions that is constantly changing as the center of their homepage. Along with the usual localized and national weather feeds, the site offers weathercams, tides and currents, and commentary from the Farmers Almanac.

Other dedicated locations include www.AccuWeather.com and www.Weatherbug.com. Weatherbug offers downloadable software that provides your local weather forecast and weather report. Yahoo and Google both provide weather forecast features, as do the national news feeds. CNN.com/WEATHER will provide international weather news and five day forecasts by location. USA Today has global forecasts and information on meteorological topics such as global warming at: http://asp.usatoday.com/weather/weatherfront.aspx.

Finally, Unisys has chosen to showcase its Weather Processor analysis software package by building a website for global weather information at http://weather.unisys.com/. Not something you’d expect just looking at their main homepage. Apparently even people who do tech consulting and enterprise servers need to know if it’s going to rain.

See the rest here: Predict The Weather As Well As The Guy On TV

Questions says it all.

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